Reviewing The Literature On Healthcare Assignment

Question

Task: You are required to compile a ‘Reviewing the Literature’ of 5 peer-reviewed
journal articles.
Step 1. Select one of the options for Essay 3.
Read the Assessment 3 Essay options and identify which one you will work on for
assessment 2 and 3.
Step 2. Undertake research of the recent academic literature since 2010.
Identify five (5) academic peer reviewed journal articles relevant to the
Assessment 3 Essay topic. These must be aligned to the unit themes from Weeks
1 to 5 (e.g. evolution of SHRM, the context of HRM, industrial relations, HR
planning and work design challenges in a global environment). It is recommended
that you undertake your research via the online ‘search’ of CQUniversity Library.
You cannot use the article from your Assessment 1 presentation for Assessment 2.
Step 3. Write 500 words on each article (500 x 5= 2500 words)
For each journal article, write to the headings in the template. These include:
• full reference
• outline of research objective and research question
• outline of the method
• discussion of the findings
• summary of the conclusions
• indication of how this will be relevant for your Essay 3.
Place each article on a new page.
Present your Reviewing the Literature in format provided in the template. For more
information, see the library guide for writing an annotated bibliography.

Answer

Article 1
Full reference of the article explored in the Healthcare assignment:
Potter, R., O'Keeffe, V., Leka, S., Webber, M., & Dollard, M. (2019). Analytical review of the Australian policy context for work-related psychological health and psychosocial risks. Safety science, 111, 37-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2018.09.012]

Objective and research question: This article mainly focuses on the mental health of healthcare employees in Australia and the healthcare sector is a staff-engaging sector which employs a lot of human resources into it. The authors stated that the work-life of the healthcare employees is hard to balance and consecutive shift changing and hazardous work culture often impact the mental health of the employees. The research is for analysis of the policy made by the healthcare department to deal with this kind of psychological issue on its employees. Research question of the article is why there does still exist a gap between health care employment contracts with actual working.

Method: The whole article is contained with 39 policies which are dealing with workplace management. The article is based in Australia so the workings of the article only apply to Australian workforces. The policies of this article explored in the Healthcare assignment are collected from various areas of management like risk & gain assessments, psychological factors and many other similar areas (Potter et al., 2019). At last, there is an expert report is given in this article. Effective implementation of the policies can lead to the improvement of the system. In the finding section it has been discussed analytically.

Findings and discussion: The findings obtained in the Healthcare assignment signify that in this article the psychological health of the health care employees in Australia has been highlighted. In the previous section the talk about an expert committee has been initiated. According to that committee, psychological health analysis of the employee is equally important like any other managerial analysis. In the health care system, every employee like the staff and other medical workers has to do a lot of work along with pressure from the patient's side. Through the article, it is noted in the Healthcare assignment that the problem-solving attitude of the management and the work-life balance has been talked about. And the second most highlighted point of this study is dedicated to the improvement of leadership qualities of a manager (Potter et al., 2019). Appreciation from the leader is always encouraging. And it is very much required when the job is very demanding. So the leader of the organisation should adopt these qualities to improve the mental health of the employees of the organisation. Building the team will also motivate the employees to work together and that will help in reducing the mental burden of work. Staff and other nursing staff should work with a team spirit. Management should encourage them to do so. However, the final stage of the report was talked about the turnover ratio among the staff and that was very much overwhelming.

Conclusion: In conclusion, it is very easy to put that the main objective of this study has been finalised in a very good manner at the last. Organisations should value every employee without any discrimination. A proper management system will reduce all the conflicts. And also it boosts the employees' motivation towards their work. Engage in work will reduce the mental burden. So the idea of psychological health has been elaborated here properly.

How this article will contribute to Essay 3: The study developed within this Healthcare assignment illustrates that this article will benefit to understand the work related psychological health of the employees as it helps to retain more employees. This article has a link with evolution of strategic human resource management where the staffs have the employment relationship in the form of contract and the employers have the obligation to provide safety. In addition, the employers should provide guidance, code of practice and regulations so that the employees may feel motivated to work in the organisation. 

Article 2
Full reference of the article used in the Healthcare assignment:
McKittrick, R., & McKenzie, R. (2018). A narrative review and synthesis to inform health workforce preparation for the Health Care Homes model in primary healthcare in Australia. Australian journal of primary health, 24(4), 317-329. [https://doi.org/10.1071/PY18045]

Objective and Research Question: Australian government developed a healthcare home theory that helps the chronic condition patients. This model is implemented and practiced by practice nurses and general practitioners. This model creates challenges in the existing healthcare workforce (McKittrick & McKenzie, 2018). In this Healthcare assignment, a systematic review is presented to understand the workforce challenges, practice nurse and general practitioner functions and the team-based healthcare. The basic healthcare infrastructure and the key difference with the new healthcare-home model are discussed by using different scholarly articles on relevant literature. The research question of the article is on the key information among the primary healthcare infrastructure and the new workforce challenges in Australia healthcare home model.

Method: The model discussed in this section of Healthcare assignment helps to enhance the practice nurse's role. The team-based approach is used in this model to care for the chronic complex patients. Different surveys are conducted to identify the challenges in team-based care. Australian government’s healthcare department collected information from 217 healthcare workers to develop the model and implemented this model in 10 chronic patients. Testing methodology is used in this research for identifying the challenges and drawing conclusions.

Findings and discussion: Australian Nursing College implemented this model in their nursing course to raise awareness in the community about the primary healthcare. The current contribution in healthcare by the practice nurses and general practise is very important (McKittrick & McKenzie, 2018). From various surveys on the concept of Healthcare assignment, emotional health is very crucial among the healthcare professionals. The organisation should aware of the health workers' well-being in healthy workplace. The researcher claims that ongoing education improves the health worker capacity. The HCH model's outcomes are generated by 300 health care homes. Studies show that medical homes are more efficient with family-level care. Due to the population, the health disparities need to be reduced. Proper care improves the management of chronic disease.

This HCH model discussed in the Healthcare assignment is first developed by American Academy of Paediatrics to treat the children with special or complex health conditions. It is different from the family-level care for young children. According to McKittrick & McKenzie (2018), mobile clinics are efficient in the growing number of population for every region. It helps to reduce the health-system cost by preventing hospital emergency department use. The medical home enhances the electronic health-records and integrates the oral and mental healthcare in primary healthcare settings.

Conclusion: Healthcare home helps to provide the primary healthcare to the chronic condition patients. Specialised physicians, nurse practitioners, physician assistants, and other health workers are approved to implement this HCH model to treat the low-income and chronic condition patients. Health workforce challenges like advocacy education, training of the staffs and family planning of the patients have been discussed within this Healthcare assignment. The role of PN and GP and team-based healthcare workers' contributions are identified from this article on Healthcare assignment.

Contribution of article to essay 3: Essay 3 concentrates on attraction and retention of the employees and this article provides information on the key function of primary healthcare in the Australian healthcare sector. This article has link with strategic human resource context as the article focuses on workforce of Australian healthcare, employment workforces has the connect with age, gender and educational qualification. This article will provide light on the workforce challenges of the healthcare workers and the healthcare management needs to work on the challenges so that most numbers of staffs can be retained.

Article 3
Reference of full article:
Javanparast, S., Maddern, J., Baum, F., Freeman, T., Lawless, A., Labonté, R., & Sanders, D. (2018). Change management in an environment of ongoing primary health care system reform: A case study of Australian primary health care services. Healthcare assignment The International journal of health planning and management, 33(1), e76-e88. [doi: 10.1002/hpm.2413]

Objective and research question: Reform in the primary health care system in Australia is the main focus of this study. The main reason for such change is the cost of medical services. Prices of medical service have been changed rapidly which impacted a lot of people globally. The primary health system should be modified according to the need of the poor. The main objective of this study is to analyse the value of service by changing the management system (Javanparast et al., 2018). Complexities in the management system can bring a lot of extra unwanted expenses upon the product or service. The same thing happens in primary health care in Australia. Through the study it has been found. Research question of the article is on whether costly health service will improve the lives of people or not.

Method: The whole study is dedicated to analysis of the health service. This article explored in the context of Healthcare assignment has been completed with lots of dedication and it took almost five years to complete. This kind of study only is possible with the data collecting method. So primary sources were the main method used in this study. Medical practitioners and the health workers of Australia were the data collecting source of this study.

Findings and discussion on Healthcare assignment: Increase the price of the services will always increase its quality. Similarly, it has been observed in this study that the price high of medical treatments was increased rapidly in Australia. However, along with that tone the quality of service also increased rapidly at the same time. Now a day's people were more comfortable with one to one medical treatment. And at the same time, the number of doctors is not increasing that much (Javanparast et al., 2018). The whole process creates indifference and that leads towards the high cost. Another major problem is that the management system of the health care system has enjoyed the whole situation. It charges extra money for extra service and that because of the higher cost treatment. Reforms in the whole structure are very needed in this hour. Reforms in policy and regulations can stop this harmful impact on society (Javanparast et al., 2018). The study further showed that community-level participation in governance can control the whole situation in the health sector.

Conclusion: In conclusion, it is very much essential to reduce the price of the high costly health service for the poor. Change in the system is very much necessary in this hour. Community leads primary health care can do that thing very quickly. It can reduce the cost along with other complexities in the medical service or treatment. Change in the management system will improve the situation and that was conveyed through this study. Improvement in the primary health care system in Australia is the only aim of this study. So the community level participation is very much highlighted herein Healthcare assignment.

How this article will contribute to Essay 3: Through this article on Healthcare assignment, imbalance in demand and supply can lead to higher prices. This article has a link with National Employment Standards, as this article stated about healthcare staffs’ policies and standards. Proper management strategy can bring that price down and help in balancing the supply and demand in health care employees and staffs. Increasing the cost of the healthcare leads to the employees has to learn new technologies and the employees need to adopt the changes in the workplace.

Article 4
Reference of full article:
Pillay, M., Enya, A., & Boateng, E. B. (2019). High-reliability organisations and collective mindfulness for improving healthcare safety management: a scoping review protocol of factors, measures, and instruments. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Safety, 3(2), 8-13. [https://doi.org/10.24840/2184-0954_003.002_0002]

Objective and Research Question: Collective mindfulness and high-reliability are the most important features that improve the safety management in healthcare industry (Pillay, Enya & Boateng, 2019). High reliability helps to sustain and manage the highly uncertain and complex organisation by an error-free operation. In this review, a theoretical model is developed that helps to examine the safety levels in healthcare sector regarding dimensions, instruments, measures, and indicators. Research question of the article is on the key factors that identify the theoretical underpinnings, measures, instruments, and dimensions which help to enhance the safety management in healthcare.

Method: In this Healthcare assignment, the author uses a stepwise process to identify the factors which are responsible for improving the safety management in healthcare. Secondary articles are used to analyse the collective mindfulness and high-reliability factors to enhance the safety management. The article presented a systematically summarised review of the relevant research. With the help of a high-quality assessment, the author incorporated the factors. The article also discussed the other different data extraction methods and analytical processes to derive significant outcomes that improve the workplace safety. In this article on Healthcare assignment, 100 doctors, 50 nurses and other health worker feedbacks are taken for analysis. For finding conclusion, psychometric properties and mixed methods are used in this study.

Findings and discussion: Different external and internal factors affect the quality of service and productivity of healthcare organisations. The lack of equipment and registered healthcare worker were considered to be crucial issues in Australia that leads to being an unhealthy environment (Pillay, Enya & Boateng, 2019). Lack of referral system and poor medical facility exposes the registered healthcare workers to the various critical diseases daily.

Excessive noise, the lack of functional ventilation, poorly organised workspaces, and lack of safety measures creates challenges to the Australian healthcare facility. Therefore may patients suffer from ergonomic disorders, suffocation, heat stress, and deafness? The As per the research on Healthcare assignment, Australian healthcare sector needs to focus on the management and the infrastructure that improve the healthcare worker’s productivity. Proper ventilation and safety measure are the vital factors in enhancing the healthcare safety. In this study, the author claims that the healthcare sector's service quality can be improved by the proper healthcare regulation and policy.

Conclusion: This article on Healthcare assignment is one healthcare safety of the employees. To maintain the high-level productivity the healthcare environment needs to be improved. The workplace infrastructure and healthcare facilities should be error-free. Different external and internal factors including resource availability, Patient Corporation, and healthcare worker collaborations affect the medical service quality. The salary increment and bonuses can influence the healthcare workers. However, the innovation level in healthcare sector is important to diminish the error rates.

Contribution of article to essay 3: This article will contribute on workplace safety and a healthy environment is essential in every industry to increase the employee’s engagement. This article has its relation with Human Resource Planning in changing environment, as the healthcare in Australia is ever changing place for technologies and guideline. Essay 3 is going to analyse attraction and retention of the employees and this article used in the context of Healthcare assignment will state on the healthcare factors that help to enhance the performance. With the help of this article, the healthcare workplace weakness and their solutions are identified.

Article 5
Full reference of the article:
Lock, M. J. (2019). Valuing Frontline Clinician Voice in Healthcare Governance. A critique of governance and policy documents that frame clinician engagement in the New South Wales healthcare system. Report to the Clinical Governance Unit, Mid North Coast Local Health District. Committix Pty, Ltd, Newcastle. [https://committix.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Committix-VotC-Governance-Context-Review-June-2019.pdf]

Objective and research question: This article used to prepare this Healthcare assignment is mainly focused on the clinical settings of the health care system in Australia. Clinics are another part of a health care system. A vast majority of the population is indulging in this type of organisation. The proper methodology is requiring building a setup. Analysis of the various levels of methods and interaction within the clinical structure is the aim of this study (Lock, 2019). Frontline clinicians play a very crucial life in our health system. The Healthcare assignment is only focused on that. The policies and regulations including corporate governance are analysed through this study. The research question is on how do frontline clinicians play a critical role in the health care system.

Method: The whole article is talked about the clinical setup and its importance to the health care system. The main methods of the study followed the "Anthony Gidden’s Structuration Theory". By that method the report about clinical information had collected through primary sources. The survey, personal interactions, interviews are the main sources of this study (Lock, 2019). However, government data about the health care system, private company's estimates, many organisations’ reports also used in this article to analyse the whole issue.

Findings and discussion: The study developed within this Healthcare assignment is only dedicated to the clinicians who were played a vital role in the Australian health care system. Many data have been collected through the Australian health ministry website and journals. The main issue of this study is the inclusion of the clinical system in the health care system. Clinical organisations do not fall into the category of government organisation (Lock, 2019). That is the reason for the fluctuation in the price of medicines and medical equipment. Another problem in clinical life that impacted this sector very badly is bullying.

Frontline clinicians are not engaged with government and that causes this illness in their organisations. The option named control is missing there in the management. Proper management is lacking in these organisations. A flaw in management can lead to this problem and that is the reason why any organisation irrespective of regulated or non-regulated should adopt a proper management system within the organisation (Lock, 2019).

Conclusion: In conclusion, by considering the overall discussion on Healthcare assignment it is very easy to put that the Australian clinic culture is facing a lot of criticism in this study. The value of frontline clinicians has been degraded due to these non-regulated conditions. The need of the hour is to establish a link between the government organisations with this culture and only then the problem will solve. Similarly, a clinical organisation in Australia needs a proper transparent management system for betterment. The article talks about voiceless communication within the healthcare industry and the staffs within the healthcare provide feedback to the frontline staffs.

How this article will contribute to Essay 3: Thorough this article examined in the context of Healthcare assignment, the performance of employees is very much depending upon the structure of the organisation and that too needed to modify. This article has its relation with work design challenges, as the article talks about healthcare governance. Retention is very important in healthcare industry and the employees need to provide feedback to the upper level so that the issues can be identified in the first attempt. This article will contribute to understand the engagement of the staffs within the healthcare and the structure of the organisation can be changed.

Reference List
Javanparast, S., Maddern, J., Baum, F., Freeman, T., Lawless, A., Labonté, R., & Sanders, D. (2018). Change management in an environment of ongoing primary health care system reform: A case study of Australian primary health care services. Healthcare assignment The International journal of health planning and management, 33(1), e76-e88. [doi: 10.1002/hpm.2413.]

Lock, M. J. (2019). Valuing Frontline Clinician Voice in Healthcare Governance. A critique of governance and policy documents that frame clinician engagement in the New South Wales healthcare system. Report to the Clinical Governance Unit, Mid North Coast Local Health District. Committix Pty, Ltd, Newcastle. [https://committix.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/06/Committix-VotC-Governance-Context-Review-June-2019.pdf]

McKittrick, R., & McKenzie, R. (2018). A narrative review and synthesis to inform health workforce preparation for the Health Care Homes model in primary healthcare in Australia. Australian journal of primary health, 24(4), 317-329. [https://doi.org/10.1071/PY18045]

Pillay, M., Enya, A., & Boateng, E. B. (2019). High-reliability organisations and collective mindfulness for improving healthcare safety management: a scoping review protocol of factors, measures, and instruments. International Journal of Occupational and Environmental Safety, 3(2), 8-13. [https://doi.org/10.24840/2184-0954_003.002_0002]

Potter, R., O'Keeffe, V., Leka, S., Webber, M., & Dollard, M. (2019). Analytical review of the Australian policy context for work-related psychological health and psychosocial risks. Healthcare assignment Safety science, 111, 37-48. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ssci.2018.09.012]