Nursing Essay On Provision Of Patient-Centred Care To Acutely Ill

Question

Task:
Health professionals need to have a socio-theoretical understanding of the effects of illness on the personhood and families of the sick and suffering. Examine the experience of illness from the patient perspective and write a nursing essay on Provision of patient-centred care to the acutely ill in the hospital context.

During your discussion you should argue a perspective and think critically about your own clinical practice. This nursing essay should be written in third person format only. You should include a minimum of 10 recent references.

Answer

Introduction
It is a fact presented in this nursing essay that the primary concern of the nurse is the patient and the role of the nurse is the advocacy of the patient's best interests and the integrity of the patient through treatment and care. This may entail making suggestions about the medical recovery plan in cooperation with other healthcare providers (Roué et al., 2017). In the decision-making process for the care of patients, a nurse is specifically involved. In order to make effective decisions and interventions, they need to be able to think objectively while interpreting the signals of patients and finding any possible issues. With the help of these technological advances, financing provisions, health care equipment, the patient care system has reached a higher level for the treatment of acutely ill patients (Khera et al., 2017). This kind of patient has reached a life-threatening situation either suffering from acute diseases like cancer, neurological disorders or heart failure, etc. or this kind of patient needs special treatment and care from registered nurses and doctors. The treatment of the acute illness and the mental needs of a patient is of the highest priority for a registered nurse (Delaney, 2018). If nurses have empathy and encourage a collaborative connection with patients that can help weed out causes, signs, or reasons which lead to proper diagnosis and care. A registered nurse provides care for patients and supports physical needs, disease prevention, and treatment. In order to do so, the patient must be monitored and noted for any details related to the decision-making.

Socio-theoretical understanding of the effects of illness on patients and families of the patient
In a family,if a member suffering from an illness or disease continues to increase anxieties within the family member and patient. The health professionals may misinterpret anxiety as a lack of involvement or inability to give help and comfort to the patient (Waweru et al., 2019). The long-term disease causes improvements in family ties, but increases tension and worry among the family members. In the family system, disease causes unbalance before changes can happen. If a health professional or a registered nurse does not understand the transition, then it will impact the patient's readiness to accept the situation and continue the treatment. Even the objectives of the education process may be decreased. A registered nurse or a health professional needs to find resources with the family members of the patient to support the mental condition of the patient and also the registered nurse needs to assist family members (Stollenwerk et al., 2019). It is also necessary to be alert to some of the reasons that hinder education in family members. The degree of the family disorder depends on the severity of the disease and how well the family works to help the patient to recover from the disease and how well socioeconomic considerations other family members will assimilate the position of the ill individual. A registered nurse should take the family as a part of the educational strategy in order to produce efficient patient education outcomes. For instance, it is crucial to involve the wife of the patient in dietary education when she cooks all the food at home. Involving families may be a significant source of help for the patient in the future if he or she changes behavior.

Experience of acute illness from a patient’s perspective
Acute illnesses occur quickly with distinct signs that need immediate or short-term treatment and improve as treated. There are a number of diseases that occur unexpectedly within a short period of time such as the common cold, which is regarded as acute diseases. It may be treated with proper medical care and the patient overcomes the disease in a very short period of time (Wei et al., 2018). Acute conditions also become recurrent as long as they exist which means the disease can become dangerous if not treated on time. For example, COVID-19 is a recent pandemic that has affected the entire world and has led to the death of millions of people around the world. Patients suffering from COVID-19 have a very painful experience as the virus should multiple symptoms within the body of the patient. COVID-19 is treated as a normal viral fever but it is the deadliest one as a patient who delayed the treatment has to face severe pain or have died. The patients who were detected early and proper treatment on time have helped the patients to recover on time with the help of proper patient-centred care. From the perspective of the patient, acute illness can be handled easily if the support from family and health professionals is appropriate.

Provisions of Public-centred care of acute illness from a hospital perspective
According to Dencker et al., (2017), family relationships with patients play a vital role in patient-centred care provision, in the case of acutely ill patients with various dependent variables being encountered by health practitioners. The focused treatment of patients has demonstrated that they are satisfied and understand the diagnostic knowledge conveyed while at the same time strengthening the perception that they can handle the disease.Several models show how patient centred care can be carried out by health providers, for instance through a shared consensus on facts and recovery plans, by transparent questioning and non-verbal behaviour, summarising and expressing patient concerns and desires.As per Moore et al., (2016), policymakers in hospitals are gradually adopting systems to optimize treatment for patients and improved quality of care. While personal centred care and patient centred care models vary for which it is essential to consider the wishes and interests of patients who are cared for. Health care services in Sweden as well as in other countries aim to strengthen the values centred on people and to deal with proper care. Barriers to the introduction of personally centred treatment are dependent on conventional methods and structures, expert skeptical, stereotypical behaviours, and factors relevant to personal-centred intervention growth.Organizational considerations include teamwork and education, as well as the technical style and mind set of facilitators,must be included to deliver proper patient centred care.

Patient-centred care from a registered nurse perspective
The style of treatment from a registered nurse perspective compares with what is more often known as 'patient-centred care. This emphasizesthe patient mainly and also emphasizing medical diagnoses and identifying issues in nursing. Say, for example, patients suffering from COVID-19 need proper care from health professionals, especially from a registered nurse. The COVID-19 disease has no specific medication which can treat a patient but it requires proper care from health professionals and nurses. A nurse plays a major role during the tough time of the patient that is a patient suffering from COVID-19 gets mentally depressed as the number of death cases is high. During this time, it is important for the registered nurse to mentally motivate the patient and take care of the needs of the patient such that the patient can recover soon from the disease. A registered nurse foremost duty is to understand the mental condition of the patient that is whether the patient has mentally broken down and if it is so then the nurse must motivate that patient. Along with that, a registered nurse needs to motivate the family members as well to support the patient positively such that the patient recovers fast.Personal requirements should be recognized, but only to the extent that they concern general health and nursing needs (Cagle et al., 2017). In fact, this means that medical and nursing needs take precedence over the needs of the individual providing treatment, and maybe not reported. Patient-centred care in nursing focuses on the fulfilment of the wishes, interests, and objectives of the patient so that they are integral to the treatment and care process.

Principles of patient centred care
A registered nurse implementing patient care has to follow a certain framework which is as follows.

• It is important for a registered nurse to know the patient very well which means the kind of acute illness from which the patient is suffering from.
• Secondly, the registered nurse needs to focus on being responsive which means when the patient needs care and proper medication the nurse has to provide the needed elements to take care of the patient on time.
• A registered nurse needs to provide care to the patient that is meaningful which means the patient can recover from the illness with proper care.
• A registered must respect the need and preferences of a patient and must act politely such that the patient does not get demoralized (Sinaiko et al., 2019).
• A patient suffering from acute illness also suffers from depression. In that condition, a patient needs more emotional support along with the physical treatment which a registered nurse must understand as emotional support helps a patient recover fast as compared to only physical treatment.
• A registered nurse must allow friends and family members of the patient to regularly visit as mental support from the family and friends helps a patient recover fast.
• A level of trust and respect, among a patient and nurse,helps a patient to gain a healthy life or a healthy body and helps to recover fast from difficult situations. The most important and prime task a registered nurse can do is to give the right knowledge of the illness to the patients.

Barriers faced by registered nurse to provide patient-centred care
The barriers that are faced by registered nurses in patient-centred care are as follows.

Physical Barriers
Say, for example, patient stress increase if the location is overcrowded or noisy. A nurse can demonstrate this to a patient when it is an extra hectic day going on one certain day (Tramonti et al., 2021). Many times nurses don’t focus on these small issues sounds from closing doors or outside sounds and opening blinds are other minor practices that may affect the patient’s satisfaction as this kind of sound might irritate the patient.

Personal barriers
Personal barriers can relate to problems related to psychology, gender or age, etc. In many situations, it is seen that a female patient is uncomfortable speaking out to a male nurse or vice-versa. This kind of barrier hampers the treatment procedure as if a nurse is shy or a patient is shy due to gender difference leads to miscommunication (Strandås and Bondas, 2018). Registered nurses must be comfortable communicating with any type of gender without any hesitation. Diabetes, sickness, and death are not necessarily pleasant points to start a conversation. And the anxiety and stress caused by sensitive issues will block good contact in healthcare.

Social Barriers
It is the responsibility of any nurse to look after a patient without taking into consideration caste, religion, or colour (Eriksson et al., 2018). In various situations, it is being seen that nurses discriminate against a patient based on skin colour, religion, or caste. This hinders the overall process of providing the medication and treatment.

Communication
For the better treatment and recovery of any patient, it is very important to have good communication between nurses and patients. In order to do this, nurses must be courteous, kind, and sincere to understand and to serve their patients (Karlsson et al., 2019). Without proper communication, it is very difficult for the patients to speak out about their difficulties faced during illness and the nurse cannot provide proper care or medicine on time. Many times nurses do not feel comfortable or do not have the proper communication skills to talk to the patient clearly which leads to a problematic situation. Outstanding verbal engagement is the most important thing. Another barrier in this regard could be the language differentiation, fear of victimization, unfair treatment provided to the patients (Ellis and Sevdalis, 2019). Many times there is a lack of communication between the hospital and the family members of the acutely ill patient which leads to a hazardous result. The registered nurses find themselves unable to give the knowledge of the respective illness to the patients due to the intention of only treating the patient but not care the patient.

Conclusion
It is being said and felt by many experts especially staff related to nursing that well-designed support and delivery systems are necessary to promote properhealthcare and to build it more reliable and consistent. Patient’s needs and priorities are to be taken care of well, to build a strong patient-centred care unit which is the prior importance of a registered nurse. Patient-centred care is being classified on the basis of interpersonal, clinical, and structural dimensions of health care. The comprehensive, integrative, consistent approach is followed by a registered can only make this resolution succeed. It is also a well-known fact that delivering the statements provided in the favour of patients centred care, or anything is a tough task, the implementation of the respective task includes many challenges and pressures but with full determination, hard work and a good management structure, this hurdle of challenges and pressures can be overcome. This patient-centred care is nothing but a step towards improving the health care systems, processes, and health outcomes. Such as a patient needs or expects good, reliable, and error-free care from the nurse and doctors and these patient-centred care units also have the ambition that every patient should be provided with the best treatment as far as their total health is being concerned.

References
Boissy, A., 2020. Getting to patient-centred care in a post–Covid-19 digital world: a proposal for novel surveys, methodology, and patient experience maturity assessment. NEJM Catalyst Innovations in Care Delivery, 1(4).

Cagle, J.G., Unroe, K.T., Bunting, M., Bernard, B.L. and Miller, S.C., 2017. Caring for dying patients in the nursing home: Voices from frontline nursing home staff. Journal of pain and symptom management, 53(2), pp.198-207.

Delaney, L.J., 2018. Patient-centred care as an approach to improving health care in Australia. Collegian, 25(1), pp.119-123.

Dencker, A., Kristiansen, M., Rix, B.A., Bøge, P. and Tjørnhøj?Thomsen, T., 2018. Contextualisation of patient?centred care: A comparative qualitative study of healthcare professionals' approaches to communicating with seriously ill patients about their dependent children. European journal of cancer care, 27(1), p.e12792.

Ellis, G. and Sevdalis, N., 2019. Understanding and improving multidisciplinary team working in geriatric medicine. Nursing essay Age and Ageing, 48(4), pp.498-505.

Eriksson, J., Gellerstedt, L., Hillerås, P. and Craftman, Å.G., 2018. Registered nurses’ perceptions of safe care in overcrowded emergency departments. Journal of clinical nursing, 27(5-6), pp.e1061-e1067.

Karlsson, A.C., Gunningberg, L., Bäckström, J. and Pöder, U., 2019. Registered nurses’ perspectives of work satisfaction, patient safety and intention to stay–A double?edged sword. Journal of nursing management, 27(7), pp.1359-1365.

Khera, N., Martin, P., Edsall, K., Bonagura, A., Burns, L.J., Juckett, M., King, O., LeMaistre, C.F. and Majhail, N.S., 2017. Patient-centred care coordination in hematopoietic cell transplantation. Blood advances, 1(19), pp.1617-1627.

Moore, L., Britten, N., Lydahl, D., Naldemirci, Ö., Elam, M. and Wolf, A., 2017. Barriers and facilitators to the implementation of person?centred care in different healthcare contexts. Scandinavian journal of caring sciences, 31(4), pp.662-673.

Roué, J.M., Kuhn, P., Maestro, M.L., Maastrup, R.A., Mitanchez, D., Westrup, B. and Sizun, J., 2017. Eight principles for patient-centred and family-centred care for newborns in the neonatal intensive care unit. Archives of Disease in Childhood-Fetal and Neonatal Edition, 102(4), pp.F364-F368.

Sinaiko, A.D., Szumigalski, K., Eastman, D. and Chien, A.T., 2019. Delivery of patient centred care in the US Health Care System: What is standing in its way. Academy Health. Retrieved October, 30, p.2019.

Stollenwerk, D., Kennedy, L., Hughes, L. and O'Connor, M., 2019. A systematic approach to understanding and implementing patient-centred care. Family medicine, 51(2), pp.173-178.

Strandås, M. and Bondas, T., 2018. The nurse–patient relationship as a story of health enhancement in community care: A meta?ethnography. Journal of advanced nursing, 74(1), pp.11-22.

Tramonti, F., Giorgi, F. and Fanali, A., 2021. Systems thinking and the biopsychosocial approach: A multilevel framework for patient?centred care. Systems Research and Behavioral Science, 38(2), pp.215-230.

Waweru, E., Sarkar, N.D., Ssengooba, F., Gruénais, M.E., Broerse, J. and Criel, B., 2019. Stakeholder perceptions on patient-centred care at primary health care level in rural eastern Uganda: A qualitative inquiry. PloS one, 14(8), p.e0221649.

Wei, H., Sewell, K.A., Woody, G. and Rose, M.A., 2018. The state of the science of nurse work environments in the United States: A systematic review. International Journal of Nursing Sciences, 5(3), pp.287-300.