Cloud computing Assignment on Privacy and Security of Cloud Data Migration

Question

Tasks:You have been engaged to provide a risk assessment for the planned moves to SaaS application offerings.

You are to write a report that assesses the risks to the charity for just their planned moves in the HR area:

Consider the data and information that the charity holds on its employees in the current HR system.

Establish the existing threats and risks to the security of that data and information contained in the in-house HR database.
Are there any additional risks and threats to employee data that may arise after migration to an SaaS application?
Assess the resulting severity of risk and threat to employee data.

Consider the privacy of the data for those employees who will move to an SaaS application.

Establish the existing threats and risks to the privacy of that data and information contained in the in house HR database.
Are there any additional risks and threats to the privacy of the employee data after migration to an SaaS application?
Assess the resulting severity of risk and threat to the privacy of employee data.

What are the threats and risks to the digital identities of charity employees from the move to SaaS applications?

Consider the operational solution and location(s) of the SaaS provider for HR management. Does either the operational solution, or the operational location, or both, increase or mitigate the threats and risks identified for the security and privacy of employee data?

Are there any issues of ethics, data sensitivity or jurisdiction that should be considered by the charity?

You are to provide a written report with the following headings

Security of Employee Data
Privacy of Employee Data
Digital Identity Issues
Provider Solution Issues
Data Sensitivity

As a rough guide, the report should not be longer than about 5,000 words.

Answer

Introduction
Cloud computing has been one of the most trending technology being spread and applicable in all the industries around the world and this Cloud computing Assignment explores the security concerns and safety of using cloud data migration. The charity has been utilizing the information technology for advancing the existing operational activities however, the existing configuration and information system is not able to manage the expanding database related to the staffs’ and operational activities’ data and information. The necessity of the present scenario can be fulfilled through implementing cloud computing within the existing system of the organization (Felbermayr, Hauptmann & Schmerer, 2014). The needs and requirements of the charity has been expanding and in manner to meet the expanded needs and requirements, the charity is looking for implementing cloud and migrating the entire data in the cloud for the efficient and effective management of the operational activities.

The Cloud computing Assignment explores various benefits those could be utilized in the enhancement of the existing operational activities and allowing the management of the charity to manage those information in an efficient and effective manner without altering the output of the project. This report will be highlighting the security and privacy risks associated with the captured data and information while migrating data and information over cloud and using SaaS (Software as a Service) and PaaS (Platform as a Service) for performing the operational activities. Severity matrices has been proposed in the following report regarding every identified risk in manner to demonstrate the priority and impacts of the identified risks.

This Cloud computing Assignment will also be emphasizing on the threats and issues associated with the digital identities in manner to highlight how crucial could be aspect of security while deploying these latest technologies within the existing system of the organization. The operational solution and the location both will be influencing the privacy and security of the individuals and hence, the risks associated with the privacy and security in this sector has been also demonstrated. There are certain ethical issues, data sensitivity or the jurisdiction in deploying the cloud computing for transforming the existing environment.

Existing threats in the in-house HR Database Data Management
The charity has been collecting sensitive and personal information of the staffs and their service users (elder people). However, there are certain existing threats to the security of the data and information within the in-house HR database that can be listed as follows:

Sl. No	Considerable threats	Probability	Impact	Importance	Counter Measures	Contingency Plans
1	The existing configuration can be cracked with easy coding and certain modifications of the coding of individuals and thus, could possibly allow the saved data and information in the hand of an unauthorized users (Gholami & Laure, 2016).	M	V H	V H	The existing configuration of the systems must be upgraded in manner to meet the present needs of the security patches introduced by the computer companies (Smith & Ross, 2014).	The systems can be made password protected and strong password could be used for securing the existing network
2	Simple passwords are the major flaws in this system as the organization sets easy password for easy execution	H	V H	H	The should be strong in other words the password can be two factor authorization and it should comprise of upper and lower Caps words, numbers, and symbols	Using random generated password and continuously changing the password in regular basis
3	Ex-employees can be a reasonable security risk for the organization as he would be well familiar with the previous passwords and would have the access to the confidential information those could be exposed in the name of revenge or personal benefits (Müller & Neumann, 2015).	M	H	M	Every employee should agree on complying the policies set for the privacy and security of the data and information being saved in the in-house HR database	The credentials should be changing in a regular interval of time or whenever an employee detached with the organization
4	This Cloud computing Assignment outlines Negligence as being another risk factor that is considerable for the security threat for the employees whose data and information being collected for the data processing. This could allow anyone to enter the network and access the data and information saved into the computer (Zhao, Li & Liu, 2014).	L	H	V L	Proper training and regular information about how to use the external devices and system should be spread among the employees or the users using the in-house infrastructure	There should be strong authentication password access for every individual in manner to protect the device access from an intruder or an unauthorized user
5	Since in-house infrastructure do not allow individual to access the data and information remotely, the employees will need to collect and carry the data and information in external devices and thus, it could be lost or could be gained by other individual	V L	V H	L	For this risk, again the education and training can play very crucial role in occurring this risk at the very first place and thus, could possibly minimize the impact of the risks	The company can introduce a network such as cloud computing that can allow the employees to access the data and information and accomplish the official operational activities
6	Flexibility can be another risk factor in this scenario as most of the industries allow flexibility for the bring your own device policy and thus, it could be utilized by an intruder for accessing the data and information and thus, could possibility expose, manipulate or alter the data and information (Taylor, Fritsch & Liederbach, 2014).	V H	M	L	The charity organization must develop the policies that will restrict the application and use of using the own devices by employees in manner to cope up with such risks	The computer systems can be encrypted or network access can be restricted in manner to stop the exchange of information and restricting malicious coding to cause the entire system

Additional Threats to Employee Data after Migration to SaaS application

Sl. No	Considerable threats	Probability	Impact	Importance	Counter Measures	Contingency Plans
7	Data Access can be a risk in this migration as the charity is collecting the PII data and information related to the employees, staffs, and the service users.	VH	VH	H	Migration to SaaS will lead to the storage and transfer of data and information to the public cloud that is vulnerable to hacking and intrusion that could be delivered for accessing and altering the saved data and information (Rusinek & Rycx, 2013).	The charity should look for the third party who can provide the same services after complying with the existing policies of the organization in manner to make sure that the data and information being saved in public cloud is being provided same importance as that was by the organization (Hudson & Pollitz, 2017).
8	Instability is one of the major lagging factor for utilizing the SaaS services	H	H	M	While migrating the data over public cloud, the charity will have to provide the access of entire data and information to the cloud service provider. The cloud service provider could possibly utilize the same data and information for personal benefits	The charity must discuss the policies and compensations related to the transfer and saving procedure of the collected data and information in manner to assure that the cloud service provider is completely responsible for keeping the same data and information safe
9	There is not any transparency between the cloud service provider and the charity	VH	L	H	None of the organization wants to share the way their functions work as it could be a policy violating for them and hence, it could be a threat for the charity regarding how the data and information being captured, saved, and transferred	This Cloud computing Assignment outlines how there is only one solution for this risks as there should be proper agreement between the charity and the cloud service provider on securing the privacy and security of the data and information
10	None of the cloud service provider can inform where the data and information is being stored	H	M	H	The cloud is a virtual space where the data and information are kept stored and so, it cannot be determined and informed to the consumers and thus, exact location of the data and information cannot be shared to anyone	The service provides most of the time uses hybrid servers and so, this could be a concerning point for the charity as non-volatile works can be accomplished by them even if the service provider is fulfilling their basic promises
11	The upfront payment of the service is made for the long term	VH	VL	M	The service providers always ask the payment in a long term basis and that could make the charity completely dependent on the same service provider for future application	The agreement should consist of the shortest period in manner to assure that if the organization is not capable of meeting the security requirements, The charity can jump on to other service providers
12	Service providers ways of securing data can be violating the policies and regulations set by the charity	M	M	M	SaaS can be used for the exchange of information but it never really does explained by the service providers that how they will be storing and securing the collected data and information.	The heads of the charity and the cloud service provider must discuss the facts related to the security of data and information collected in manner to make sure that the attempts being driven by the service provider will be enough for securing the collected data and information

Severity of the Identified risk can be determined by the following matrix:

*Probability*
V H	R 11.	R 9.	R 6.		R 7.
H			R 10.	R 8.	R 2.
M			R 12.	R 3.	R 1.
L				R 4.
V L					R 5.
*Impact*	V L	L	M	H	V H

The above Cloud computing Assignment specifies risk severity matrix provide emphasis on the identification of the impact with respect to the probability of the identified risks. Since most of the risks have been categorized within the yellow and red range of the severity matrix, the threat to the data security and privacy is at high level and proper considerations should be taken while or after the implementation of the SaaS adoption by the organization. Proper strategies should be followed for the proper and effective management and mitigation of the data and information collected from the employees and transmitted through the in-house HR database. Both the risks have been plotted in this matrix in manner to demonstrate their severity. The highest priority risks have been put in the red side of the matrix those should be eliminated at the highest priority. However, the rest of risks should be handled accordingly in manner to minimize the impact of the identified risks and manage the migration project in an efficient and effective manner. The ratio of the risks categorized in the yellow and red part is 5:6 and hence, the further strategies could be developed for the handling of the identified risks.

Existing threats to the privacy of the data and information in in-house HR database

Sl. No	Considerable threats	Probability	Impact	Importance	Counter Measures	Contingency Plans
1.	The information and data those have been collected is not secured enough as mentioned in the previous paragraphs and risk analysis and hence, these could possibly lead to the expose and manipulation of the data and information those could alternatively lead to privacy issues to the individuals whose data and information has been collected	VH	L	H	The severity matrix can be utilized for developing the strategies those could be utilized for minimizing the impact of the identified risks and thus, developing the strategies for enhancing the security and privacy of the individuals	The collected data and information could be encrypted in manner to assure that even after getting access to the saved data and information, the intruder would not be able to expose, manipulate or alter the data and information
2.	Since, the charity will be capturing the PII information that includes name, address, digital identity data, date of birth, and medical information, the expose of these data and information could lead to possible issue those might influence the entire privacy and security of the individuals.	L	H	VL	Collection of PII is considerable factor for managing the safety of the organization and its operational activities, however, the collected information must be secured with the highest priority in manner to make sure that the developed strategies would be capable of protecting the privacy of the collected data and information	Personal information can be collected at a single storage place in manner to make sure that there is single individual who would have the authority to collect and store the same information.
3.	Video surveillance can be a considering factor for the management of the operational activities and handling the employees and staffs	H	H	VH	The video surveillance can be a great factor in the management of the employees and their operational activities however, the management should be assuring that the video surveillance is not being delivered for monitoring the individuals’ personal or professional activities those could not be acceptable for the employees and hence, influencing the privacy of the individuals	The video surveillance could be eliminated throughout the management of the charity
4.	Access or network search surveillance	M	H	VH	The access restriction and surveillance will provide all the information related to the individual what he pr she is accessing including the mails, messages, and personal activities and hence, this could not be acceptable for the individuals without informing them. The employees and staffs should be well informed what information is being collected and restored from the side of the organization and thus, policies and regulations can be developed for the management	The restriction can be deployed however, surveillance can be stopped in manner to manage the privacy of the individuals what they have been and what5y they are looking over the internet in manner to inform them about the ongoing operational activities and management of the entire team
5.	In-house HR database is being managed by an internal employee and thus, he is well aware of the weakness and personal information of every individual who can utilize the same power for personal benefits or any other personal purpose causing the expose of the personal and sensitive information	L	VH	VH	The charity should be developing the policies stating that the HR or any other employee who is collecting those sensitive information would not expose the information puvli8cally and hence, protect the privacy of the individuals at any cost.	The personal information can be centralized in manner to be submitted and accessed by the head of the charity assuring that none of the individuals in the organization is aware or informed with the personal and sensitive information provided to the organization

Additional threats after migrating to SaaS

Sl. No	Considerable threats	Probability	Impact	Importance	Counter Measures	Contingency Plans
6.	since, the corporate control has been located at far distance form the existing place so, the management of the facilities related tom control can hamper the privacy of every individual whose data and information being collected	VL	H	H	The corporate control should not be located at beyond the country boundaries in manner to manage the controls and possible measures those could be driven for the management of the privacy of the individuals’ whose data and information being collected	The charity can select another SaaS cloud service provider whose corporate control will be located near the office premises of the charity
7.	Cyber attacks are very common nowadays and possibly, the intruder or the unauthorized user can have the access to the data and information saved in the public cloud compromising the data and information saved in the public cloud	H	VH	VH	Proper strategies and securities measures can be adapted in manner to protect the data and information from being compromised with the intruder or the unauthorized user who could possibly utilize the same information to expose or manipulate those data and information for enjoyment or personal benefits.	The charity can select another SaaS cloud service provider whose corporate control will be located near the office premises of the charity
8.	Malicious viruses are another considerable factor those could possibly lead to the expose and manipulation of the data and information being collected related to the individual	VH	VH	VH	This Cloud computing Assignment highlights how Better and experienced IT team who are well familiar with the present scenario of the cloud computing can be appointed for the accomplishment of the operational activities related to the securing of the privacy and security of the individuals	Experienced player in the same field can be much more effective towards developing the strategies those could be helpful in securing and enhancing the security and privacy of the individuals without altering the operational activities within the organization
8.		VH
9.	The different types of information being stored in the cloud should must be considered after the migration of the data and information over the cloud and hence, developing the effective and efficient strategies in manner to enhance the privacy of the data and information after migrating it over the cloud	VL	L	L	There should be different level of access to the data and information being collected in manner to make sure that different individuals are the only individuals who could access those data and information and the, information never belong in the wrong hand who can misuse it	Employees can be asked for categorizing the different level of information and raise their voice related to something if they do not want to expose to the charity or ton anyone in manner to assure the different level of authorization to the captured data and information

Severity assessment of the identified risks

*Probability*
V H		R 1.			R 8.
H				R 3.	R 7.
M				R 4.
L				R 2.	R 5.
V L		R 9.		R 6.
*Impact*	V L	L	M	H	V H

The above specified risk severity matrix provide emphasis on the identification of the impact with respect to the probability of the identified risks. Since most of the risks have been categorized within the yellow and red range of the severity matrix, the threat to the data security and privacy is at high level and proper considerations should be taken while or after the implementation of the SaaS adoption by the organization. Proper strategies should be followed for the proper and effective management and mitigation of the data and information collected from the employees and transmitted through the in-house HR database. Both the risks have been plotted in this matrix in manner to demonstrate their severity. The highest priority risks have been put in the red side of the matrix those should be eliminated at the highest priority. However, the rest of risks should be handled accordingly in manner to minimize the impact of the identified risks and manage the migration project in an efficient and effective manner. The ratio of the risks categorized in the yellow and red part is 3:5 and hence, the further strategies could be developed for the handling of the identified risks.

Utilizing SaaS application will enable the Charity to deal with the hierarchical activity all the more productively and adequately yet it may cost to the protection of the workers spared in the type of records in the database. This relocation of SaaS abandoning the conventional techniques for the activity can bring about raising concerns identified with the protection of the data about the workers that is being spared in the database. This entire framework has a corporate control, which is arranged at more far off place as per the contextual investigation. SaaS enable clients to store the data and information on cloud and gives access to the clients at wherever, which make this data more defenseless in way of unapproved access or information break. Indeed, even fuse of standards identifying with the protection of the data that is being gathered by the association are characterized, however in spite of that numerous human mistakes and left behind goals may prompt a few security issues for the workers of Charity.

Uncertainly, if any information rupture happens or any unapproved access to the database happens, it might prompt the uncover of such extremely individual and delicate data of the representatives working in Charity. This may happen, as a result of a similar stage being shared among different clients and virtual activities that is being led for the hierarchical work. Since, the information that is being put away in the cloud will contain all the data identified with the worker, including extremely delicate and basic information about them like, restorative subtle elements, financial balance points of interest, perpetual address.

This Cloud computing Assignment also outlines how the data that is being gotten to by the insider are anything but difficult to be controlled, lost, or stolen by any unapproved and undesirable person. Another risk that may influence the protection of the representatives in the wake of relocating to SaaS application in Charity is "insider", which essentially implies, a person with true blue access to the system given by SaaS in Charity. This action may lead towards uncover the protection of individual in spite of the issue that whether it was indiscretion or any endeavor.

Unapproved clients are breaking simple passwords these days effectively. Poor secret key can likewise be considered as the dangers towards the protection issue of the representatives. The framework or the cloud server access ought to be very much ensured by solid passwords.

Threats to the digital identities
Protecting the advanced personality in broad public cloud is significantly less demanding than crossover cloud in light of the fact that a solitary specialist co-op handles general society Cloud. In any case, the Charity will require advanced character for benefiting the administrations and deal with the entrance control of the information and data spared into the Cloud. There are unique and numerous sorts of Clouds in the market and each have maybe a couple advanced personality administration framework. Use of unified personality administration could be useful in having an interesting advanced character for every client and through this character; the people might benefit administrations from various mists. Anchoring the computerized character out in the open cloud is considerably less demanding than half breed cloud on the grounds that a solitary specialist organization handles people in general Cloud. In any case, the Charity will require advanced character for benefiting the administrations and deal with the entrance control of the information and data spared into the Cloud. There are extraordinary and numerous sorts of Clouds in the market and each have maybe a couple advanced personality administration framework. Use of combined character administration could be useful in having a one of a kind computerized personality for every client and through this personality; the people might benefit administrations from various mists. In any case, there are sure dangers and dangers on utilizing advanced character for getting to the data that can be recorded as:

Unauthorized Secondary Usage: This could lead security issue for the clients who do not need uncover or uncover their own data. This is one of the significant difficulties on the web application such a web based life or systems administration sites are utilizing the information identified with the client for the promotion. Thus, the Cloud specialist co-ops are utilizing the individual data of the clients for the garbage notice or basic promotion.

Absence of User Control: The information or data is spared in the cloud and specialist organization have the entrance to every one of those information or data identified with the client and along these lines, it can be controlled or altered by the Cloud specialist organization or he is controlling every one of the information identified with those people. This make a separation from the PII of the client, which could be abused by specialist organization independent of all the solid strategies and laws. This could prompt the security trading off for the client and there is not any ensuring and protecting instrument for such interruption as opposed to arrangements.

Responsibility that is not clear: This one of the protection issues that a client would not have any desire to open to the specialist organization or any outsider without having legitimate approval or close contact. A large number of the circumstances, it ended up misty for the clients that which specialist co-op will be in charge of the security component, arrangements, and insurance that needs in security of the client.

Efficiency of the operational locations and solutions
The principal way is the mix. The vast majority of the above operational arrangement and area has been putting forth either canned incorporations or the open APIs. The canned mix has been the rundown of accomplice applications with which HRMS sellers make coordinate incorporation capacity picking into through paying additional or by downloading any connector. The organization should likewise have some in-house ability of programming. The open APIs has been allowing to make the individual incorporations between the frameworks that the philanthropy like till they both help that API. The following one is the portability that has not been much-have include for the fruitful usage of HRMS. This incorporates especially the time off solicitations and the advantages data. The information of HR rips to be the information that the representatives have been required to get to. The last one is where it required guaranteeing to research the way in which the area arrangements secure the client information. Most extreme of the frameworks have been founded on cloud that shows that the worker information would twist up put away some place in on the web.

Problems to the identified issues
This Cloud computing Assignment outlines numerous components that is fit for upgrading the security of the computerized personality those can be recorded as: Firstly, making that the security patches and programming refreshes is dealt with by a confided in IT counselor all the time and give updates to the product naturally. Furthermore, development of the defensive obstructions for the counter malware, hostile to infection, organize security, and against spam answers for the greater part of the gadgets and every one of the information identified with the individual and delicate data of the people. Different arrangements are giving consideration to the irritating pop-ups, suspicious sends and other spam, backing up the information on the consistent premise and refreshing those data and some more. Utilizing the solid passwords for the confirmation or utilizing two-factor secret key, or employing any outsider for the watchword administration, for example, one sign in and others can be a conceivable arrangement. Appropriate instruction and preparing could be useful in expanding the attention to the people on the best way to protecting the recognizable proof anchored and from other people who can take the advantage of those data.

The issues of ethics, data sensitivity or jurisdiction that should be considered
Migrating the existing data and information into the cloud will lead to certain ethical and jurisdictions those are considerable while deliver the proposed migration as the solution for the operational activities of the organization. the charity have already the existing employees who are currently working in the different environment and hence, they might not feel comfortable within the new system being deployed for them. Beside this, the user will be sharing their PII that will be utilized and operated within the proposed SaaS and PaaS services those are considerable while discussing the ethical issues.

For the data sensitivity following arguments can be made:
There have been different issues of information affectability or purview which is required to be considered. It has been critical to figure each significant thought planning the information affectability approaches. For example there have been different directions that the framework architect ought to consider. This at last makes the bound together approach reliably tending to them all. Different illustrations may help in fleshing this out. Various wards executes controls with respect to how the private information could be overseen. The "EU Data Protection Directive" has been varying from the controls in the US. Anyway this has not been administrative but rather has been influencing the necessities of information insurance specifically.

Each prerequisite of the information insurance has not been the same. For couple of information the privacy has been basic. Cases of this are the protected innovation of the corporate and the budgetary records. For the information over which the business life or the progression has been depending, the accessibility has been basic. In alternate cases, the trustworthiness has been the most significant. The substituting and ridiculing of information making any framework act inappropriately have been the examples guaranteeing information respectability. the philanthropy association ought not conflate classification with the information insurance alone.

Conclusion
Based on the above report it can be concluded that the current status of the Charity has been evaluated considering the data migration over the cloud and related threats to the security and privacy those should be considered while transforming the existing system. Different dangers with the SaaS have been same as the dangers looked by the in-house IT administrations. This has been helpful in fundamentally investigate the business, moral and lawful worries for the protection and security of information that is should have been actualized in the cloud. The primary concern has been that with the assistance of legitimate systems, controls, approaches and contracts set up, the dangers related with SaaS could be overseen effortlessly. This has been especially in the situations where information goes outside the control of corporate system. From the above Cloud computing Assignment findings,, it is also identified that data migration is the key gap area in cloud server.

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