A case study is researching in detail on a particular case under a specific subject. For example, what made Newton experiment with an apple for universal gravity? This case belongs to Newton’s experiments with gravity using an apple and is under scientific study. Read this article on how to write a case study with each of your questions answered.

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Steps on How to Write a Case Study
The initial footstep on how to write a case study is choosing a case that varies from case study to case study. Following are the steps you should follow to write a clear and crisp case study:

• Identify the case: A case identification is the first step to writing a case study as it involves gathering substantial evidence that challenges existing assumptions.
1. Structure and Writing Style: Case studies involve studying a specific case in detail and contributing new information to what has already been known. Elements to include for writing well-structured case studies:
2. Introduction: You shall discuss and link the extent and the purpose of the research conducted, method of analysis, the research problem, the reason to use a particular case, and how it solves the issue.

Along with this, explain the importance of the case discussed and how the selected case solves the problems by supplying the historical background of your case with new information and explain how it will expand the reader’s horizon.

• Literature Review: For a good literature review, you must explore reading sources available to you in a particular area. Furthermore, summarise those works as per the current problem and resolve the present conflicts, if any. Your case can also highlight the contribution of relevant works and should address the identified loopholes in existing studies to form fresh insights.
• Method: Mention the method you have used in your case study and your reason for picking the chosen case. Also, mention the strategy you’ve used for identifying how your case addresses your research problem. The method is described as per the type of subject of analysis:

Subject: An event or incident
An event can be rare, critical, or regular and aims to examine a hypothesis or provide a comprehensive research problem and explain why you chose that particular subject only.

1. Subject: A person – You must explain why you have chosen to select and study this particular person and his experience that advances understanding of your research problem.
2. Subject: A place – State various attributes of a place pertinent to your research problem (physical, political, social, economic, cultural, etc.) and method that illuminates your understanding of your research problem.
3. Subject: A phenomenon – It is also known as an occurrence or a fact and manifests itself, but many of them are vague, so you must choose a case that provides a deeper meaning of your phenomenon.

• Discussion: Interpret and draw a conclusion and meaning of your findings by linking their description with their implications or similar studies on the same issue. Also, briefly describe your research problem and the result and limitations of your case study. Lastly, answer any unanswered questions.
• Conclusion: This is the end of your case study, and here you will provide a summary of your ideas and beliefs. Also, the uniqueness of your new case study against previous studies and describe your research, observation, and findings.

To better clarify how to write a case study, we will study case study types in the next section of our article.

Types of Case Studies
Most of the researchers and students who have asked us how to write a case study also asked us about its types. So, here they are:

• Explanatory Case study
  It explains a particular phenomenon or question and excludes living beings as they are variables that tend to change with situations.
• Exploratory Case study
  It is performed before adopting a study at a large scale to carry out further research. Its subjects include social sciences and psychology. Thus, psychologists commonly use it to find new ways of treating their subjects and collecting new theories or ideas out of it.
• Multiple-Case Study
  It is also known as a collective case study and uses information from various studies. It, thus, helps formulate an entirely new case study. To avoid spending extra money and time on further studies, you can use existing studies.
• Intrinsic Case Study
  In such a case study, you have to study a case of a company, person, and group of persons in detail.
• Instrumental Case Study
  Under this, the case is a company, department, living beings and helps you accumulate new information into your topic of choice, redraw generalisations, or conceptualise.

Digging deeper into how to write a case study, our next section discusses the types of subjects of case studies.

Types of Subjects of Case Studies
Case studies have five types of subjects:

• Person: The subject in the case study talks about a particular person, such as Lara, whose father did not support her in her childhood.
• Group: The focus is on a community of persons like family, company, colleagues, etc. For example, employers vs businesspersons.
• Location: This sort of case study revolves around a place and its relevance to people. A paradigm can be London and people residing there.
• Organisation: This type of case study is based on an organisation or a business and can include relevant people and events to help other companies succeed in their industry.
• Event: The subject in the case study deals with an event and its influence on the relevant people—for example, the 2008 Mumbai attacks.

Conclusion
We, in this article, have discussed in detail how to write a case study by providing steps on how to write a case study to types of subjects in case studies. So, we’ve tried to do our bit, but if you still have any doubts, you can ask in the comment section or add any extra information to help others, thus supporting us in building an informed community of researchers and students.

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